Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Hindi	English
Aachar	Pickle
Aadoo	Peach
Aadu	Peach
Aaloo	Potato
Aam	Mango
Aam Papad	Mango pulp, dried in trays to make sheets
Aamchoor	Mango (green, dried & powdered)
Aamla	Indian Gooseberry
Aaru	Peach
Achar	Pickle
Adoo	Peach
Adrak	Ginger
Ajinomoto	Monosodium Glutamate
Ajmoda	Celery
Ajmud	Celery
Ajwain	Carom seed
Ajwain ke Phool	Thymol flower
Akhrot	Walnut
Akroot	Walnut
Aloo	Potato
Aloobukhara	Plum
Alsi	Flax seed, Linseed
Alu	Potato
Alubukhara	Plum
Ambat-Chuka	Sorrel
Amchur	Mango (green, dried & powdered)
Amla	Indian Gooseberry
Amrood	Guava
Amrud	Guava
Amsool (Kokam)	A fruit indigenous to the west coast used to add tartness to dishes, like dry mango powder
Anaaj	Cereal
Anaar	Pomegranate
Anaj	Cereal
Ananas	Pineapple
Anar	Pomegranate
Anar Dana	Pomegranate seed (dried)
Anas phal	Star Anise
Anda	Egg
Andawari Machli	Mullet (fish)
Angoor	Grape
Angur	Grape
Anjeer	Fig
Anjir	Fig
Ankur	Sprout
Ankurit	Sprouted
Annanas	Pineapple
Arandi	Castor
Araroot	Arrowroot
Arbi	Colocasia, Dasheen, Eddo, Elephant-ear, Taro
Arhar Dal	Gram (red, split), Pigeon Pea (split)
Arhar Sabut	Pigeon Pea
Arvi	Colocasia, Dasheen, Eddo, Elephant-ear, Taro
Atta	Flour (whole grain)
Attar	Essence (generic)
Aval	Flattened rice (thicker)
Avial	A vegetable curry from South India
Badam	Almond
Badi	Sultana
Bael	Bengal Quince, Stone Apple, Wood Apple
Baer	Jujube
Baghaar	See Tarka
Baghar	See Tarka
Bail	Bengal Quince, Stone Apple, Wood Apple
Baingan	Aubergine, Eggplant
Bajra	Millet, Pearl Millet
Bajri	Millet, Pearl Millet
Bakra	Goat
Bakre ki Raan	Mutton (leg)
Bakri	Goat
Balti	In Hindi and Urdu, Balti means a bucket; in the UK, it's used for a style of cooking developed in Birmingham in the 1970s. It can also refer to a dish from Baltistan, on the North West frontier of Pakistan
Ban Tulsi	Marjoram
Band Gobhi	Cabbage
Bangda Machli	Mackerel (fish)
Bangra Machli	Mackerel (fish)
Bans	Bamboo
Barfi	See Burfi
Barramundi Machli	Giant Sea Perch (fish)
Barsanga	Curry Tree leaf
Basango	Curry Tree leaf
Basi	Stale
Bataer	Quail
Batair	Quail
Bater	Quail
Bathua Sag	Fat Hen (leaf), Lambs Quarter (leaf), White Goosefoot (leaf)
Battak	Duck
Bel	Bengal Quince, Stone Apple, Wood Apple
Belan	Rolling Pin
Ber	Jujube
Besan	Gram Flour (Bengal)
Bhagona	Cooking pot with a lid
Bhain	Lotus Root
Bhajee	See Bhaji
Bhaji (Bhajee, Sabji)	The word actually mean 'vegetable', but also describes a North India vegetable dish, a curry without gravy
Bhajia	See Pakora
Bhang	Hemp
Bhare	Stuffed
Bharta	Mash
Bharua	Stuffed
Bhat	Rice (boiled)
Bhatma	Soya bean, Soybean
Bhed	Lamb
Bhein	Lotus Root
Bheja	Brain
Bhel Puri	A snack mix of puffed rice, besan sev, puri, chopped onions & coriander leaves, tamarind chutney and onion-chili chutney
Bhen	Lotus Root
Bher	Lamb
Bhindi	Lady's Fingers, Okra
Bhing Machli	Herring (fish)
Bhoono	Stir-frying
Bhuna	Stir-fried
Bhunao	Stir-frying
Bhurji	A dish without gravy where ingredients are almost mashed
Bhurta	Mash
Bhutta Sabut	Sweetcorn (on the cob)
Bhutta dana	Maize
Biriani	See Biryani
Biryani (Biriani)	Rice cooked with meat, vegetables, chicken, fish or prawns
Boalee	Shark
Boi Machli	Mullet (fish)
Bombil	Bombay Duck (fish), Shark
Bondas (Vadas)	A savory snack made in to balls, usually with potatoes or lentils, but can also contain meat
Boondi (Bundi, Moong vadi)	Small, blueberry sized, fried, drop-like pakori, made from chickpea flour
Brahmi	Indian Pennywort
Brinjal	Aubergine, Eggplant
Bumallo	Bombay Duck (fish), Shark
Bundi	See Boondi
Burfi (Barfi)	Indian Fudge like sweet made with condensed milk, sugar and other ingredients
Buttak	Duck
Chaa	Tea
Chaach	Buttermilk (cultured)
Chaamp	Chop (joint)
Chaas	Buttermilk (cultured)
Chaat	See Chat
Chach	Buttermilk (cultured)
Chachinda	Snake Gourd
Chai	Tea
Chakki	Stone grinding mill (for wheat, dal, spices etc.)
Chakku	Knife
Chakla	Rolling Board
Chakotra	Pomello (fruit)
Chakraphool	Star Anise
Chakri-Phool	Star Anise
Chaku	Knife
Chali	Betel (nut)
Chalia	Betel (nut)
Chalni	Sieve
Chamcha	Ladle
Chamchi	Small Spoon
Chana (Kabuli)	Chickpea (White), Gram (White)
Chana (Kala)	Chickpea (black), Chickpea (brown), Gram (Bengal)
Chana Dal	Chickpea (black, split), Chickpea (brown, split), Gram (Bengal, split), Gram (Yellow)
Chandwa	Pomfret (fish)
Chane ka Saag	Bengal Gram (leaf)
Chapati	See Chapatti
Chapatti (Chapati, Roti)	Thin, unleavened Indian bread cooked on griddle
Chareeaddee	Sardine (fish)
Charmagaz	A mix of four types of seeds - melon, water melon, pumpkin and cucumber
Charoli	Cudpah Nut
Chas	Buttermilk (cultured)
Chashni	Sugar Syrup
Chasni	Sugar Syrup
Chat (Chaat)	Spicy snacks, usually vegetarian - a popular street food of India
Chatni	Can mean either a (cooked) chutney or an uncooked, spicy sauce
Chaulai	Amaranth
Chauli	Amaranth
Chaunk	See Tarka
Chaval	Rice (generic)
Chavlerr	Amaranth
Chawal	Rice (generic)
Cheekoo	Sapodilla, Sapota
Cheeni	Sugar
Chemen	Prawn
Chena	See Paneer
Chhalni	Sieve
Chichinda	Snake Gourd
Chickoo	Sapodilla
Chikoo	Sapota
Chilgoza	Pine Nut
Chilka	Peel (generic), Rind (generic), Skin (generic)
Chimta	Tongs
Chingri	Prawn
Chini	Sugar
Chira	Flattened rice (thicker)
Chiraunji	Cudpah Nut
Chirchira	Snake Gourd
Chironji	Cudpah Nut
Chiwda	Flattened rice (thicker)
Chiwra	Flattened rice (thicker)
Chonk	See Tarka
Choolha	See Chulha
Choora Machli	Tuna (fish)
Choti	Currant
Choti Elaichi	Cardamom (green)
Choti Ellaichi	Cardamom (green)
Choti Ilaichi	Cardamom (green)
Chowlai	Amaranth
Chowli	Amaranth, Black-eyed Bean, Black-eyed Pea
Chuara	Date (dried)
Chukandar	Beetroot
Chukka Sag	Sorrel (red)
Chukka-Kura	Sorrel
Chulha (Choolha)	An old fashioned Indian stove
Chura Machli	Tuna (fish)
Coco	Cocoa
Copra	Coconut
Curry Patta	Curry Tree leaf
Cut-hal	Jackfruit
Cutch	Catechu
Dabba	See Tiffin
Dagad Phool	A tree lichen, often used in meat dishes
Dahi	Curd, Yoghurt
Dahi Wala	With yoghurt
Dahl	Lentil (generic), Pulse (generic)
Dal	Lentil (generic), Pulse (generic)
Dalchini	Cinnamon
Dalia	Bulgar Wheat, Cracked Wheat
Darchini	Cinnamon
Dhal	Lentil (generic), Pulse (generic)
Dhansak	Meat or chicken cooked with lentils
Dhool ka Phool	Mushroom
Dhungar	See Tarka
Do-piaza	See Do-pyaza
Do-pyaza (Do-piaza)	Double quantity of onions or a lot of onions
Doodh	Milk
Dosa (Dosai)	Crispy rice and lentil pancake or crepe - a South Indian specialty
Dosai	See Dosa
Dudhi	Bottle Gourd
Dum	Cooked in a pot, where lid is sealed with a ring of dough. It allows some pressure to build up inside.
Dum-Pukht	Slow cooking in a sealed pot
Elaichi Badi	Cardamom (black)
Elaichi Bari	Cardamom (black)
Feni (Pheni)	A goan, alcohlic drink
Gai	Cow
Gai ka Gosht	Beef
Gai ka Mans	Beef
Gajar	Carrot
Gandasa	Cleaver (large knife)
Ganna	Sugar Cane
Ganth Gobhi	Kohl Rabi
Garam Masala	A spice blend of cumin, pepper, cloves and cardamom
Gehun	Wheat
Gehun ka Ankur	Wheat Germ
Gehun ka Atta	Wheat Flour (chapatti)
Ghara (Matka)	An round earthenware water container in India
Ghee	Butter (clarified)
Ghia	Bottle Gourd
Gobaro	Rock Cod (fish)
Gobhi	Cauliflower
Gobro	Cod (fish)
Gooda	Pulp
Goondha Atta	Dough
Gore-Nimb	Curry Tree leaf
Gosht	Meat (generic)
Gowar ki Phali	Cluster Bean
Guchchi	Mushroom
Gud	Sugar (raw)
Gulab	Rose
Gulab Jaman (Gulan Jamun)	Small balls in syrup, made of flour and milk powder or mawa
Gulab jal	Rose water
Gulan Jamun	See Gulab Jaman
Gur	Sugar (raw)
Gurda	Kidney
Gwar Patha	Aloe Vera
Haandi	See Handi
Haddi	Bone
Haldi	Turmeric
Halva Saranga	Pomfret (fish)
Halva (Halwa)	Semi-solid sweet made of semolina or other flours, or vegetables like carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, or others
Halwa	See Halva
Halyan	Asparagus
Hamam Bista	See Hamam Dasta
Hamam Dasta (Hamam Bista)	Pestle and mortar, often made of cast iron
Handi (Handia, Haandi)	An earthenware cooking pot
Handia	See Handi
Hara Dhania	Cilantro (leaf), Coriander (leaf)
Hara Kela	Banana (green)
Hara piaz	Salad onion, Scallion, Spring onion
Harad	Myrobalan
Hari Phoolgobhi	Broccoli
Haritaki	Myrobalan
Hasha	Thyme
Hathi Chak	Artichoke
Heeng	Asafoetida
Hilsa	Shad (fish)
Hing	Asafoetida
Hiran	Venison
Huldi	Turmeric
Idli	Steamed rice, lentil or semolina cakes from south of India
Ilisha	Shad (fish)
Illaichi Badi	Cardamom (black)
Illaichi Bari	Cardamom (black)
Imarti	Sweet, syrup-filled rings made from urad dal batter
Imli	Tamarind
Ittar	Essence (generic)
Jagary	Sugar (raw)
Jaggery	Sugar (raw)
Jai	Oat
Jaiphal	Nutmeg
Jaitun	Olive
Jal-Halim	Watercress
Jal-Kumbhi	Watercress
Jalebi	Sweet, syrup-filled rings made from white flour and yoghurt batter
Jalfrezi	A chicken or meat curry, cooked green peppers, onions, green chillies and tomatoes
Jardaloo	Apricot
Jashtimodhu	Licorice, Liquorice
Jau	Oat
Jaun	Barley, Oat
Javitri	Mace
Jaw	Barley
Jawas	Flax seed, Linseed
Jeera	Cumin
Jethimadh	Licorice, Liquorice
Jhinga	Prawn
Jigar	Liver
Jimikand	Yam (Elephant Foot)
Jow	Oat
Jowar	Sorghum
Jwar	Sorghum
Kabab	See Kebab
Kabab Chini	See Kebachini
Kabutar	Pigeon
Kachcha	Raw, Uncooked
Kachcha Kela	Banana (green)
Kachua	Turtle
Kachumber	A mixed salad, made with finely chopped cucumber, tomatoes and onions, with salt, pepper, chilli and lemon juice
Kaddu	Pumpkin
Kaddu Kas	Grater
Kadhai	Wok
Kadhi-limbdo	Curry Tree leaf
Kaju	Cashew nuts
Kakadi	Armenian Cucumber
Kakari	Cucumber
Kala	Black (colour)
Kala Chana	Chickpea (black), Chickpea (brown), Gram (Bengal)
Kala Jeera	Black Cumin seed
Kala Namak	Black Salt
Kalaunji	Black Onion seed, Nigella seed
Kaleja	Liver
Kaleji	Liver
Kali	Currant
Kali Mirch	Black Pepper
Kalia	A curry with milk or yoghurt, and a thick gravy
Kalonji	Black Onion seed, Nigella seed
Kamal Gatta	Lotus Root
Kamal Kakri	Lotus Root
Kamrak	Starfruit
Kamrakh	Carambola, Starfruit
Kandere Machli	Sawfish
Kane Machli	Lady Fish
Kantakari	Indian Nightshade
Kapoor	Camphor
Kapur	Camphor
Karchi	A metal spoon for cooking
Karela	Bitter Gourd
Karimeen Machli	Pearlspot (fish)
Karli	Silver barfish
Karonda	Natal Plum
Kasani	Chicory, Endive, Succory
Kashmiri Jeera	Black Cumin seed
Kasoori Methi	Fenugreek Leaf (dried)
Kat-hal	Jackfruit
Katai Machli	Whitebait (fish)
Kateri	Indian Nightshade
Kath-nim	Curry Tree leaf
Katha	Catechu
Kaththa	Catechu
Katla Machli	Carp (fish)
Katori	A small serving bowl
Kavchi	Clam
Kebab Cheeni	All Spice
Kebab (Kabab)	Meat or vegetable pieces, marinated in herbs and spices
Kebachini (Kabab Chini)	Cubeb or tailed pepper is a berry similar to black pepper
Keema (Kheema, Queema)	A minced meat dish
Kekda	Crab
Kekra	Crab
Kela	Banana
Kenkra	Crab
Keora	Screwpine flower essence
Kesar	Saffron (spice)
Kesari	Saffron (colour)
Kewra	Screwpine flower essence
Khair	Catechu
Khajur	Date
Khameer	Yeast
Kharbooja	Melon (generic)
Khas Khas	Poppy seed
Khatai	Mango (green, dried & powdered)
Khatta	Sharp, Sour
Khatta-Palak	Sorrel
Khatta-Saag	Sorrel
Kheema	See Keema
Kheer	Any Indian milk pudding, usually flavoured with cardamoms, saffron or rose water, and containing chopped nuts
Kheera	Cucumber
Khichadi	See Khitcheri
Khitcheri (Khichadi)	A rice and lentil preparation, cooked like a pulao
Khoa	Milk (condensed & solidified)
Khopra	Coconut
Khorma	See Korma
Khoya	Milk (condensed & solidified)
Khubani	Apricot
Khumani	Apricot
Khumbi	Mushroom
Khurfa Saag	Little Hogweed, Purslane, Pursley
Khurmani	Apricot
Khus Khus	Poppy seed
Khusboo	Essence (generic)
Kishmish	Currant, Raisin, Sultana
Kismis	Currant, Raisin, Sultana
Kofta	Balls made from vegetables, meat, chicken or fish
Koi Machli	Climbing Perch (fish)
Kokam	See Amsool
Kopra	Coconut
Korma (Khorma)	A creamy curry made with thick cream or yoghurt and sometimes nuts
Kothamalli	Cilantro (leaf), Coriander (leaf)
Kottu	Buckwheat
Kotu	Buckwheat
Kukur-Mutta	Mushroom
Kulcha	A naan-like leavened Indian bread, baked in a tandoor
Kulfa	Little Hogweed, Purslane, Pursley
Kulfi	A flavoursome Indian ice-cream, made with slow boiled or condensed milk, sugar, almonds, pistachios and saffron
Kulhar	A disposable earthenware cup or mug
Kumrak	Starfruit
Kundru	Ivy Gourd
Kuppa Machli	Turbot (fish)
Kurlya	Crab
Kurry Patta	Curry Tree leaf
Kus Kus	Poppy seed
Kusam	Safflower
Kusumbo	Safflower
Laddoo (Laddu)	An Indian sweet ball, can made of various ingrediemts like besan, flour, lentil, rice, semolina or mawa
Laddu	See Laddoo
Lahsan	Garlic
Lahsun	Garlic
Lal Mirch	Cayenne Pepper, Chilli (red)
Lapsi	Bulgar Wheat, Cracked Wheat
Lassan	Garlic
Lassi	A cool yoghurt drink, either sweet or salty
Lauki	Bottle Gourd
Laung	Clove
Lavang	Clove
Leechee	Lychee
Lichi	Lychee
Lobhia	Black-eyed Bean, Black-eyed Pea
Lobia	Black-eyed Bean, Black-eyed Pea
Lokat	Loquat
Loki	Bottle Gourd
Maakhani	See Makhani
Machchhi	Fish (generic)
Machli	Fish (generic)
Machli ke Ande	Fish Roe
Madhu	Honey
Madras	It means a *hot* curry in UK. I doubt if anyone has heard of in Madras though!
Mahanimb	Curry Tree leaf
Maida	Flour (all purpose), Flour (plain)
Makai	Corn
Makhan	Butter
Makhana	The puffed kernel of gorgon nut or fox nut
Makhani (Maakhani)	Cooked with lots of butter, or cream
Makhanphal	Avocado, Butter Fruit
Makka	Corn
Makkhan	Butter
Makki	Corn
Makki ka Atta	Cornmeal
Malaai	See Malai
Malai (Malaai)	Skin that forms on the boiled, cooled milk.
Mamra	Puffed rice
Masala	A general term for a blend or mix of spices
Masaladan	Spice Box
Masaladani	Spice Box
Masoor Dal Dhuli	Red Lentil (split, skinless)
Masoor Sabut	Red Lentil (whole)
Matar	Green Peas
Matar Dal	Split Peas
Mathni	A wooden whisk, traditionally used for making butter milk
Matka	See Ghara
Matki	Dew Bean, Moth Bean, Turkish Gram
Mattha	Buttermilk (cultured)
Mausammi	Sweet Lime
Mawa	Milk (condensed & solidified)
Meetha Neem	Curry Tree leaf
Meetha Soda	Bicarbonate of Soda
Methi dana	Fenugreek seed
Mewa	Dried Fruit
Mirch	Chilli
Mishri	Rock Candy, Sugar (crystalised lumps)
Misri	Rock Candy, Sugar (crystalised lumps)
Moghlai	See Moglai
Moglai (Moghlai)	Rich food cooked for Moghul emperors in India
Mogo	Cassava, Yucca
Mollee	A Goan fish dish cooked with coconut and chilli
Mooli	Radish, White Radish (large)
Moong Dal Chilka	Gram (green, split)
Moong Dal Dhuli	Gram (green, split, skinless)
Moong Sabut	Gram (green), Mung Beans
Moong vadi	See Boondi
Moongphali	Groundnut, Monkey Nut, Peanut
Moongre	Radish Seed Pods
Morrul Machli	Sole (fish)
Mot Dal	Dew Bean, Moth Bean, Turkish Gram
Moth Dal	Dew Bean, Moth Bean, Turkish Gram
Moti	Fennel
Mourola	Anchovy (fish)
Mulahati	Licorice, Liquorice
Mulethi	Licorice, Liquorice
Mulhathi	Licorice, Liquorice
Mulhatti	Licorice, Liquorice
Mulligatawny	'Pepper Water', a Tamil (South Indian) soup, now known as a British dish
Munakka	Sultana (large)
Mung Dal Chilka	Gram (green, split)
Mung Dal Dhuli	Gram (green, split, skinless)
Mung Sabut	Gram (green), Mung Beans
Murabba	Fruit conserved in sugar syrup
Murdoshi Machli	Lady Fish
Murg	Chicken
Murga	Chicken
Murgi	Chicken
Murmura	Puffed rice
Murrai Machli	Snake Head (fish)
Muth Dal	Dew Bean, Moth Bean, Turkish Gram
Mutter	Green Peas
Mutter Dal	Split Peas
Naan (Nan)	A teardrop shaped, leavened bread, traditionally baked in a tandoor
Namak	Salt
Namkeen	Salty, Savoury
Nan	See Naan
Narangi	Orange (fruit)
Narasingha	Curry Tree leaf
Nargis Kebab	Scotch Egg
Narial ka Tael	Coconut oil
Nariyal	Coconut
Nashpati	Pear
Neem	Margosa
Neembu	Lemon
Nimak	Salt
Nimbu	Lemon
Nimbu Sat	Citric Acid
Nimbu ka Chilka	Lemon (rind)
Nogli Machli	Lady Fish
Paan	Betel (leaf)
Paan (Pan)	Betel leaf with quick lime, betel nuts, kathechu paste, rose petal preserve and fennel. Served commonly after a meal. May contain tobacco
Paaya	Trotter
Pabda Machli	Butter Fish
Pakkad	Kitchen Tongs
Pakora (Bhajia)	Spicy, battered and deep fried vegetables or meats
Palak	Spinach
Palta	Long Handled Flat Spatula
Palu Machli	Perch (fish)
Pan	See Paan
Panchforan	See Panchpooran
Panchphoran	See Panchpooran
Panchpooran (Panchphoran, Panchforan)	A mix of cumin, fenugreek, fennel, mustard and nigella seeds
Paneer (Chena)	A fresh Indian cottage cheese
Pangas Machli	Catfish
Pangush Machli	Catfish
Pani	Water
Paniphal	Arrowroot
Papeeta	Papaya
Papita	Papaya
Paplet	Pomfret (fish)
Papri	Broad Bean, Fava Bean
Paraat	A special container for making dough - a large metal plate with raised edges
Paratha	A pan-fried Indian flat bread
Pariasi Machli	Catfish
Parshey Machli	Mullet (fish)
Parval (Parwal, Patola)	Pointed Gourd
Parwal	See Parval
Pasanda	Meat or chicken beaten and cooked in a rich curry sauce
Patila	A type of Indian cooking pot
Patola	See Parval
Patta	Curry Tree leaf
Patta Gobhi	Cabbage
Pauni	A spatula with holes, for skimming
Pauwa	Flattened rice, Rice flakes
Pedvey Machli	Sardine (fish)
Peeli	Sultana
Peshwari Naan	Naan stuffed with almonds and raisins
Phal	Fruit
Phate Doodh ka Pani	Whey
Pheni	See Feni
Phitkari	Alum
Phool Gobhi	Cauliflower
Phoot	Snap Melon
Phul Gobhi	Cauliflower
Piaz	Onion
Pilaf	See Pulao
Pilaff	See Pulao
Pishta	Pistachio
Pista	Pistachio
Poha	Flattened rice, Rice flakes
Poori (Puri)	A deep-fried Indian flat bread
Poplait	Pomfret (fish)
Poplet	Pomfret (fish)
Post Dana	Poppy seed
Prasad	Sweet offering after prayers
Pudina	Mint
Pulao (Pilaf, Pilaff)	A rice dish cooked with spices and other ingredients
Pungas Machli	Catfish
Pupta Machli	Butter Fish
Puri	See Poori
Pyaz	Onion
Queema	See Keema
Raai	Mustard seed
Raan	Leg (joint)
Raavas Machli	Salmon (fish)
Rabri	Condensed, sweetened milk (made by boiling milk in an open pan)
Rai	Mustard seed
Raita	Yoghurt mixed with salads, vegetables, nuts or other ingredients and spices
Rajma	Kidney Beans, Red Kidney Bean
Ramdana	Amaranth
Ran	Leg (joint)
Randhuni	Celery
Rane Machli	Red Snapper (fish)
Ras	Juice
Rasa	Gravy
Rasam	Spicy lentil soup from South India
Rasbhari	Cape Gooseberry
Rassgulla	A popular Indian sweet from bengal, made of paneer cheese
Ratalu	Yam
Ratin Jot	Dried alkanet root. Used to colour clothes and foods to a deep red, especially tandoori dishes and curries
Rava	Semolina
Ravas Machli	Salmon (fish)
Rawa	Semolina
Rawas Machli	Salmon (fish)
Repti Machli	Sole (fish)
Rogan Josh (Roghan Ghosh)	Originally a Kashmiri lamb stew; in UK Indian restaurants it is a medium strength, creamy curry
Roghan Ghosh	See Rogan Josh
Rohu Machli	Carp (fish)
Roomali roti	A large, paper thin roti - roomal means 'handkerchief'
Roti	See Chapatti
Ruh	Essence (generic)
Rui Machli	Carp (fish)
Saag	See Sag
Saalan	Gravy
Sabja	Basil (seed)
Sabji	See Bhaji
Sabudana	Sago, Tapioca
Sabut	Whole
Sabzi	Vegetable (generic)
Saeb	Apple
Saem	Runner Bean
Saev	Apple
Safaid Matar	Dry White Peas
Safaid Mutter	Dry White Peas
Safed	White (colour)
Safed Mirch	White Pepper
Safed Rajma	Alubia Beans, White Kidney Beans
Sag (Saag)	Green leaves, such as spinach or mustard leaves
Saijam	Drumstick (vegetable)
Saijan	Drumstick (vegetable)
Salan	Gravy
Salbia-Sefakuss	Sage
Sambar (Sambhar)	A very hot, spicy lentil dish from South India
Sambhar	See Sambar
Samosa	A pastry pyramid filled with potato, vegetable, meat and other ingredients
Samudra-Feni	Squid
Samudra-Pheni	Squid
Sancha	Mold
Sanchal	Black Salt
Sangat	Catfish
Sangatam	Catfish
Santara	Orange (fruit)
Santra	Orange (fruit)
Sarson	Mustard, Mustard seed
Sarson ka Tael	Mustard oil
Saunf	Fennel
Saunth	Ginger (powder)
Seb	Apple
Seekh	Skewer
Seekh Kebab	See Sheek Kebab
Seeng	Drumstick (vegetable)
Seengre	Radish Seed Pods
Seesti	Sage
Sefakuss	Sage
Sejanki ki Phali	Drumstick (vegetable)
Sem	Broad Bean, Fava Bean, Runner Bean
Sendha Namak	Rock Salt
Senjan	Drumstick (vegetable)
Sev	Vermicilli-like, spicy, besan snack
Seviyan	Vermicelli
Shahad	Honey
Shahi	For kings or royalty
Shahi Jeera	Black Cumin seed
Shahtoot	Mulberry
Shaka-hari	Vegetarian
Shakarkand	Sweet Potato
Shakkar	Sugar
Shalgam	Turnip
Shantra	Orange (fruit)
Sharbat	A general term for drinks made with syrups and water
Sharifa	Custard Apple
Shashlik Kebab	Cubes of meat, cooked on a skewer
Shatwar	Asparagus
Sheek Kebab (Seekh Kebab)	Spiced minced meat, cooked on a skewer
Sheera	Sugar Syrup
Shehtoot	Mulberry
Shimla Mirch	Bell Pepper, Capsicum, Green Pepper
Shinga	Drumstick (vegetable)
Shole Machli	Murrel (fish)
Shorba	Gravy, Soup, Stew
Sil-batta	Flat grinding stone & pestle
Simla Aloo	Cassava, Yucca
Simla Alu	Cassava, Yucca
Singhara	Water Chestnuts
Sirka	Vinegar
Sitaphal	Custard Apple
Siya Jeera	Caraway
Soa	Dill
Sonf	Fennel
Sonth	Ginger (powder)
Sooar	Pork
Sooji	Semolina
Sookhi Matar	Dry White Peas
Sookhi Mutter	Dry White Peas
Sooraj-Mukhi	Sunflower
Sooran	Yam (Elephant Foot)
Sootmooli	Asparagus
Sowa	Dill
Soya	Dill
Suar	Pork
Subja	Basil (seed)
Suji	Semolina
Sunahri	Sultana
Sungat	Prawn
Supari	Betel (nut)
Surabhi-nimba	Curry Tree leaf
Suran	Yam (Elephant Foot)
Surgutta Machli	Silver Belly (fish)
Surmai Machli	King Fish
Suwa	Dill
Taatri	Citric Acid
Tadka	See Tarka
Tamatar	Tomato
Tandoor	A traditional Indian clay oven
Tandoori	Cooked in a traditional tandoor oven
Taraju	Weighing scales
Tarazoo	Old fashioned weighing scales
Tarbooja	Watermelon
Tari	Gravy
Tarka (Tadka, Dhungar, Baghaar, Baghar, Chaunk, Chonk)	Tempering of foods with hot ghee or oil, with cumin, mustard or other seeds
Tarkari	A spicy vegetable dish
Tartrii	Citric Acid
Tatri	Citric Acid
Tawa	Griddle
Teesrya	Clam
Teetar	Partridge
Tej Patta	Bay Leaf
Tel	Oil
Tez Patta	Bay Leaf
Thali	An Indian platter with raised rim, used to serve a complete meal
Thandai	A cold milk drink with nuts and rose petals
Tiffin (Dabba)	Lunch box containing 2-4 round boxes, held together with a metal strap. It has a handle on top to carry it
Tikka	Skewered, boneless meat cubes, cooked in a tandoor
Tikora	Arrowroot
Til	Sesame
Tinda	Indian Round Gourd
Tindla	Ivy Gourd
Tindora	Ivy Gourd
Tishi	Flax seed, Linseed
Titar	Partridge
Tofu	Bean Curd
Tondli	Ivy Gourd
Tool Dal	Pigeon Pea (split)
Toona Machli	Tuna (fish)
Toor Sabut	Pigeon Pea
Topshey	Mango Fish
Topsi	Mango Fish
Tori	Ridge Gourd
Tulsi	Basil
Tur Dal	Pigeon Pea (split)
Tur Sabut	Pigeon Pea
Turai	Ridge Gourd
Tuvar Dal	Gram (red, split), Pigeon Pea (split)
Urad Dal Dhuli	Gram (black, split, skinless)
Urad Sabut	Gram (black, whole)
Vaal Dal	Broad Bean, Fava Bean
Vadas	See Bondas
Van Tulsi	Marjoram
Varak Chandi	Silver leaf
Varak Sona	Gold leaf
Velli Machli	Anchovy (fish)
Vilayati Saunf	Aniseed
Vindaloo	A fiery hot dish from Goa, marinated in vinegar
Visonu Machli	King Fish
Yakhni	Meat Stock
Yashti-Madhu	Licorice, Liquorice
Yashti-Madhuka	Licorice, Liquorice
Zafran	Saffron (spice)
Zafrani	Saffron (colour)
Zaiphal	Nutmeg
Zaitun	Olive
Zeera	Cumin
Zetoon	Olive
Zori	Shark